The Manual for Courts-Martial (MCM), United States (2019 Edition) updates the MCM (2016 Edition). It is a complete reprinting and incorporates the MCM (2016 Edition), including all amendments to the Preamble, Rules for Courts-Martial (R.C.M.), Military Rules of Evidence (Mil. R. Evid.), Punitive Articles, and Nonjudicial Punishment Procedures made by the President in Executive Orders (EO) from 1984 to present, and specifically including EO 13825 (8 March 2018). See Appendix 19. This edition also contains amendments to the Uniform Code of Military Justice (UCMJ) made by Military Justice Act of 2016 (Division E of the National Defense Authorization Act (NDAA) for Fiscal Year 2017), and the NDAAs for Fiscal Year 2018 and 2019. Finally, this edition incorporates amendments to the Supplementary Materials accompanying the MCM as published in the Federal Register on December 11, 2018. The aforementioned Statutes, NDAAs, EOs, and Supplementary Materials are available at the Joint Service Committee on Military Justice website at http://jsc.defense.gov.  Because this manual includes numerous changes, practitioners should consider the MCM completely revised.